专业团队

《刑法修正案(八)》中，对“恶意欠薪”的起刑、量刑等有“数额较大”、“造成严重后果”这些定义，那么在实践中如何把握这里面的分寸呢?《最高人民法院关于审理拒不支付劳动报酬刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》给出了回答。

《司法解释》第三条明确，有两种情况之一的，应当认定为“数额较大”，可以追究有关行为人的刑事责任：

(一)拒不支付一名劳动者三个月以上的劳动报酬且数额在五千元至二万元以上的;

(二)拒不支付十名以上劳动者的劳动报酬且数额累计在三万元至十万元以上的。由于各地经济发展情况不一样，人们的生活水准不一样，《司法解释》还写明，各省、自治区、直辖市高级人民法院可以根据本地区经济社会发展状况，在前款规定的数额幅度内，研究确定本地区执行的具体数额标准，报最高人民法院备案。

《司法解释》第五条，在第三条的基础上进一步明确了什么是“造成严重后果”：

(一)造成劳动者或者其被赡养人、被扶养人、被抚养人的基本生活受到严重影响、重大疾病无法及时医治或者失学的;

(二)对要求支付劳动报酬的劳动者使用暴力或者进行暴力威胁的;

(三)造成其他严重后果的。

在这里，也需要注意一点，企业老板并不是因为被入了罪判了刑就一了百了。追究欠薪者刑事责任后，劳动者仍可以采取民事或者行政手段来要回自己的工资，不能拿判刑抵消劳动者的工资。

In the Eighth Amendment to the Criminal Law, there are definitions such as "large amount" and "serious consequences" for the initiation and sentencing of "malicious wage arrears". How to grasp the appropriate balance in practice? The Interpretation of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Criminal Cases of Refusal to Pay Labor Remuneration provides an answer.

Article 3 of the Judicial Interpretation clearly states that in one of the following two situations, it should be recognized as "a relatively large amount" and the relevant perpetrator can be held criminally responsible:

（1） Refusing to pay a worker more than three months of labor remuneration, with an amount ranging from 5000 yuan to 20000 yuan or more;

（2） Refusing to pay labor remuneration to more than ten workers with a cumulative amount of 30000 to 100000 yuan. Due to the different economic development situations and living standards of people in different regions, the Judicial Interpretation also stipulates that the higher people's courts of each province, autonomous region, and municipality directly under the central government may, based on the economic and social development status of their respective regions, study and determine the specific amount standards to be implemented in their respective regions within the range specified in the preceding paragraph, and report them to the Supreme People's Court for the record.

Article 5 of the Judicial Interpretation further clarifies what constitutes "causing serious consequences" on the basis of Article 3:

（1） Causing serious impact on the basic livelihood of workers or their dependents, dependents, or dependents, inability to receive timely treatment for major illnesses, or dropping out of school;

（2） Using violence or threatening violence against workers who demand payment of labor remuneration;

（3） Causing other serious consequences.

Here, it should also be noted that business owners are not sentenced to death just because they have been convicted. After holding those who owe wages criminally responsible, workers can still take civil or administrative measures to recover their wages, and cannot be sentenced to offset their wages.