专业团队

　　集体合同的变更，是指在集体合同没有履行或没有完全履行之前，因订立合同所依据的主客观情况发生某些变化，需要依据法律规定的条件和程序，对原合同中的某些条款进行修改补充。集体合同的解除，是指集体合同在没有履行或没有完全履行之前，因订立合同所依据的主客观情况发生变化，致使合同的履行成为不可能或不必要，当事人依照法定条件和程序，终止原集体合同法律关系。

　　集体合同的变更或解除，必须具备一定的条件。只有发生下列情况之一时，才允许变更或解除集体合同：

　　第一，当事人双方经过协商同意，并且不因此损害国家和社会利益。一般说来。集体合同经当事人双方协商同意，是允许变更或解除的。允许当事人协商变更或解除集体合同，目的是为了使企业与工会及其所代表的全体职工之间的合同关系更能适应变化了的新情况。当事人协商变更或解除集体合同，必须以不损害国家利益和社会利益为前提。

　　第二，订立集体合同所依据的国家宏观调控计划修改或取消。当国家宏观调控计划修改或取消，集体合同中有关生产经营计划的条款就应作相应的变更。

　　第三，国家法律、法规和政策发生变化。订立集体合同的重要依据之一是国家的法律、法规和政策。当这些法律、法规和政策发生变化后，继续执行原合同中与修改后的法律、法规和政策相抵触的条款，其行为已具有违法性。集体合同必须做相应的调整。

　　第四，企业破产、停产、转产，使集体合同无法履行。企业破产、停产、转产这一法律事实，说明当事人一方已经失去了全面履行集体合同的能力和条件，允许变更或解除集体合同。

　　第五，由于不可抗力的外因使集体合同不能履行。不可抗力是指人力无法抗拒的某种外部力量，包括诸如地震、风灾、旱灾、雷击等自然界发生的突变现象等自然现象。不可抗力事件发生后，允许变更或解除集体合同。对于不可抗力事件，应具体情况具体分析，根据灾害程度决定集体合同是否履行或推迟履行。

　　第六，由于当事人一方违约，使集体合同履行成为不必要时，允许变更或解除合同。当事人一方违约，另一方认为全部或部分履行集体合同成为不必要，两个条件同时具备，才可以变更或解除集体合同。

　　第七，工会组织撤销或解散。工会撤销或解散，集体合同随之解除。如果工会撤销或解散后又与其他工会合并，那么，集体合同中规定的原工会的义务应由合并后的工会承担。

The amendment of a collective contract refers to the modification and supplementation of certain clauses in the original contract in accordance with the conditions and procedures stipulated by law, due to certain changes in the subjective and objective circumstances on which the contract is based, before the collective contract is fulfilled or fully fulfilled. The termination of a collective contract refers to the termination of the original legal relationship of the collective contract by the parties in accordance with legal conditions and procedures, if the subjective and objective circumstances on which the contract was concluded have changed, making the performance of the contract impossible or unnecessary, before the collective contract is fulfilled or fully fulfilled.

The modification or termination of a collective agreement must meet certain conditions. Only when one of the following situations occurs, can a collective contract be changed or terminated:

Firstly, both parties have agreed through consultation and will not harm the interests of the country and society as a result. Generally speaking. A collective contract is allowed to be changed or terminated by mutual agreement and negotiation between the parties. Allowing the parties to negotiate the modification or termination of a collective contract is aimed at making the contractual relationship between the enterprise, the trade union, and all the employees represented more adaptable to the changing new situation. The parties involved must negotiate to modify or terminate a collective agreement on the premise of not harming national and social interests.

Secondly, the modification or cancellation of the national macroeconomic control plan on which the collective contract is based. When the national macroeconomic control plan is modified or cancelled, the provisions related to production and operation plans in collective contracts should be correspondingly changed.

Thirdly, there have been changes in national laws, regulations, and policies. One of the important basis for concluding a collective contract is the national laws, regulations, and policies. When these laws, regulations, and policies undergo changes, continuing to implement provisions in the original contract that conflict with the modified laws, regulations, and policies has become illegal. Collective contracts must be adjusted accordingly.

Fourthly, the bankruptcy, shutdown, or conversion of enterprises make it impossible to fulfill collective contracts. The legal fact of enterprise bankruptcy, shutdown, or conversion indicates that one party has lost the ability and conditions to fully perform the collective contract, and is allowed to modify or terminate the collective contract.

Fifthly, collective contracts cannot be fulfilled due to external factors of force majeure. Force majeure refers to a certain external force that human beings cannot resist, including natural phenomena such as earthquakes, wind disasters, droughts, lightning strikes, and other sudden changes that occur in nature. After the occurrence of force majeure events, it is allowed to modify or terminate the collective agreement. For force majeure events, a specific analysis should be conducted based on the severity of the disaster to determine whether the collective contract should be fulfilled or postponed.

Sixth, if one party breaches the contract and the performance of the collective agreement becomes unnecessary, the contract may be amended or terminated. If one party breaches the contract and the other party deems it unnecessary to perform the collective contract in whole or in part, both conditions must be met before the collective contract can be amended or terminated.

Seventh, the revocation or dissolution of the trade union organization. The collective contract shall be terminated upon the revocation or dissolution of the trade union. If a trade union is dissolved or dissolved and then merged with other trade unions, the obligations of the original trade union stipulated in the collective contract shall be borne by the merged trade union.